{"id":2784,"date":"2010-10-21T06:37:37","date_gmt":"2010-10-21T03:37:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ced.org.tr\/?p=2784"},"modified":"2014-05-21T01:33:10","modified_gmt":"2014-05-20T22:33:10","slug":"ilac-sektoru-ve-gelecek-ongorusu-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.ced.org.tr\/?p=2784","title":{"rendered":"\u0130LA\u00c7 SEKT\u00d6R\u00dc VE GELECEK \u00d6NG\u00d6R\u00dcS\u00dc"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0130la\u00e7 sekt\u00f6r\u00fc dendi\u011finde akla \u0130la\u00e7 Sanayi, Da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m Kanallar\u0131 ve hastaya ula\u015f\u0131lan son nokta Eczaneler akla gelmektedir. Ancak , sekt\u00f6rle ilgili de\u011ferlendirmelerde bulunurken yukar\u0131da s\u00f6z\u00fc edilen payda\u015flar\u0131 derinden etkileyen bu alandaki politikalard\u0131r. O nedenle sa\u011fl\u0131k politikalar\u0131ndan s\u00f6z etmeden sekt\u00f6r\u00fc irdelemenin \u00e7ok anlaml\u0131 olmayaca\u011f\u0131 inanc\u0131nday\u0131m.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Sa\u011fl\u0131k politikalar\u0131na bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda 1980 lerden ba\u015flayarak devam eden K\u00fcreselle\u015fme olgusuna de\u011finmeden ge\u00e7emeyece\u011fim. K\u00fcreselle\u015fme her alanda oldu\u011fu gibi sa\u011fl\u0131k alan\u0131n\u0131 da bi\u00e7imledi, d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrd\u00fc. Serbest piyasan\u0131n denetimine giren sa\u011fl\u0131k alan\u0131, 2002 y\u0131l\u0131ndan bu g\u00fcne kadar gelen tek parti iktidar\u0131yla Sa\u011fl\u0131kta D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm Program\u0131 \u00fclkemizde t\u00fcm kurum ve kurallar\u0131yla uygulan\u0131r hale geldi. \u0130la\u00e7 ve eczac\u0131l\u0131kta bu de\u011fi\u015fimden nasibini alarak biz eczac\u0131lar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00f6nd\u00fcren bir h\u0131zda y\u00f6netmelik de\u011fi\u015fikliklerine gidildi. S\u00f6z konusu de\u011fi\u015fiklikler nedeniyle eczac\u0131 bedel \u00f6demek zorunda kald\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0130la\u00e7 Sanayine bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda k\u00fcreselle\u015fmenin etkileri ile birlikte sermayede yo\u011funla\u015fma\/tekelle\u015fme kendini g\u00f6stermektedir. D\u00fcnya \u0130la\u00e7 Sanayine bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda alanda Amerika Birle\u015fik Devletlerinin a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. D\u00fcnya ila\u00e7 \u00fcretimine bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00fcretimin %39.3 n\u00fc Amerika, %35.2sini Avrupa, %16 s\u0131n\u0131 Japonya \u00fcretmektedir. D\u00fcnya ila\u00e7 pazar\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 2007 de 712 milyar dolar iken 2009 da bu rakam 812 milyar dolara y\u00fckseldi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Pazardaki \u00fclke s\u0131ralamalar\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, son y\u0131llarda ila\u00e7 harcamas\u0131 bir miktar d\u00fc\u015fse de ba\u015f\u0131 ABD \u00e7ekmekte, ikinci s\u0131rada Japonya, ard\u0131ndan Almanya, Fransa ve \u00c7in \u00a0<\/span>gelmektedir. T\u00fcrkiye 2004lerde 19. s\u0131rada iken 2009da 15. s\u0131raya y\u00fckselmi\u015f ve cazip Pazar olma \u00f6zelli\u011fini g\u00f6zler \u00f6n\u00fcne sermektedir. Ciro baz\u0131nda ilk 10 firmaya bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda da ABD nin a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. \u0130lk 10 firman\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131 ABD \u015firketidir.(Pfizer,J&J,merck&co, Abbot,Lilly)<\/span><\/p>\n

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D\u00fcnya genelinden T\u00fcrkiye \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011fine bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n da durumun de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6stermedi\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. \u00dclkemizde de ciddi tekelle\u015fme\/yo\u011funla\u015fma g\u00f6r\u00fclmekte, yerli sermaye \u00e7ok uluslu sermaye taraf\u0131ndan sat\u0131n al\u0131nmaktad\u0131r. \u0130la\u00e7 pazar\u0131nda yerli\/yabanc\u0131 sermaye oran\u0131 2004 te %36 ya %64 iken, bu oran 2007 de %30 a %60 oranlar\u0131na ula\u015ft\u0131. Y\u0131llar i\u00e7inde bu oran\u0131n yabanc\u0131 sermaye lehine de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6stermektedir. T\u00fcrkiye ila\u00e7 t\u00fcketimi 15 milyar dolar seviyesindedir. Cirolar\u0131na g\u00f6re firma s\u0131ralamas\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n da ilk 20 firma i\u00e7inde yerli sermayeli 6 firman\u0131n oldu\u011fu g\u00f6zlenmektedir.(A\u0130,Bilim, vb.) Sekt\u00f6rde 300 ila\u00e7 firmas\u0131 bulunmakta, bunlar\u0131n 56s\u0131 yabanc\u0131 sermayeli firmalard\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye de ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fen ila\u00e7 t\u00fcketimi 134 dolar.(2006 y\u0131l\u0131). \u0130la\u00e7 t\u00fcketiminin ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131 ulusal gelire oran\u0131 %1.75dir. bu oran ABD de %1.5, \u0130ngiltere de %0.65 dir. Bu oranlarda g\u00f6steriyor ki, insan\u0131m\u0131z ilaca ABD vatanda\u015f\u0131ndan daha fazla pay ay\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. <\/span><\/p>\n

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Da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m Kanallar\u0131n\u0131n durumunu bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda da durum farkl\u0131 de\u011fil. 1990 lara kadar 300 ayr\u0131 firma da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m alan\u0131nda yer al\u0131rken 2000 y\u0131llardan sonra bu alanda da tekelle\u015fme sonucu bir elin parma\u011f\u0131 kadar ulusal \u00f6l\u00e7ekte firma ve az say\u0131da b\u00f6lgesel depo hizmet verme noktas\u0131na indirgendi. \u015eu andaki Pazar paylar\u0131 oranlar\u0131na bakarsak Sel\u00e7uk Ecza Grubu %35.3 ne, Hedef Alienz %32.7 ne, Eczac\u0131 Kooperatifleri %18.5 ne, Nevzat Ecza Deposu ise %5 ne sahipler. Burada Eczac\u0131 Kooperatiflerine ayr\u0131 bir yer vermek gerek. T\u00fcrkiye de Eczac\u0131 Kooperatifleri 1970 lerin son \u00e7eyre\u011finde \u00c7a\u011fda\u015f Eczac\u0131 Kadrolar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan dile getirilip, hayata ge\u00e7irildi. \u0130lk eczac\u0131 kooperatifi 1978 y\u0131l\u0131nda Manisa da kuruldu. O y\u0131llardan itibaren \u00e7e\u015fitli b\u00f6lgelerde 13 eczac\u0131 kooperatifi ya\u015fama ge\u00e7ti. Bug\u00fcn ise 4 eczac\u0131 kooperatifi (Bursa Ecza Koop, Edak Ecza Koop, \u0130stanbul Ecza Koop, G\u00fcney Ecza Koop) da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m hizmetini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmektedir. Eczac\u0131 Kooperatiflerinin da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m alan\u0131na girmesiyle eczac\u0131lar\u0131n bu alandaki rol\u00fc <\/span><\/p>\n

, denetimi ve eczac\u0131 lehine piyasa dengesi sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f, ayr\u0131ca firmalar\u0131n sat\u0131\u015f aksiyonlar\u0131n\u0131n eczac\u0131ya yans\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131yla ilgili sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn g\u00fcvenilir bir payda\u015f\u0131 haline gelmi\u015ftir. Eczac\u0131 Kooperatiflerinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130la\u00e7 Sanayi i\u00e7inde son derece \u00f6nemlidir. Son y\u0131llarda eczac\u0131lar\u0131m\u0131za y\u00f6nelik tehditlerin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu d\u00f6nemde, eczac\u0131 kooperatiflerinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 t\u00fcm meslekta\u015flar\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in s\u0131\u011f\u0131nacak bir limand\u0131r. Eczac\u0131 Kooperatiflerini yaymak ve g\u00fc\u00e7lendirmek her eczac\u0131 i\u00e7in gelecek g\u00fcvencesidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

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Sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn eczane aya\u011f\u0131na gelindi\u011finde 2010 a\u011fustos verilerine g\u00f6re 24851 adet eczane \u00fclkede hizmet vermektedir. 16 adet eczac\u0131l\u0131k fak\u00fcltesi bulunmakta, bunlar\u0131n 11 i devlet, 5 i vak\u0131f \u00fcniversitesidir. Bu say\u0131n\u0131n artma tehlikesi vard\u0131r. 2010-11 \u00f6\u011fretim d\u00f6neminde Y\u00d6K kontenjan\u0131 1448 dir. Bu say\u0131 2004 de 925 di. Eczac\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131 \u00fclke ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok \u00fcst\u00fcndedir. Buradaki gizli tehlike, eczac\u0131 say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n \u00e7ok \u00fcst\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kararak, ucuz i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fc yaratmak ve olas\u0131 zincirler i\u00e7in \u00fc\u00e7 kuru\u015fa eczac\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n yolunu a\u00e7makt\u0131r. Eczac\u0131 \u00d6rg\u00fctlerinin bu konuya hassasiyetle e\u011filmeleri gerekir. Eczane Pazar\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda pazarda yo\u011funla\u015fma bu alanda da kendini g\u00f6stermekte, %15 eczane, pazar\u0131n %40 n\u0131, %85 eczane, pazar\u0131n %60 \u0131na hizmet vermektedir. Adil bir re\u00e7ete da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m sisteminin hayata ge\u00e7irilmesi gerekir. Ayr\u0131ca kamu ila\u00e7 al\u0131m politikalar\u0131n\u0131n sorgulanmas\u0131 gerekir. Kamunun her tasarruf tedbirlerinin faturas\u0131n\u0131n eczac\u0131dan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 adil bir davran\u0131\u015f de\u011fildir. Alan\u0131n payda\u015flar\u0131nca payla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/span><\/p>\n

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SEKT\u00d6R\u00dcN GELECE\u011e\u0130<\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

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\u0130LA\u00c7 SANAY\u0130;<\/p>\n

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