{"id":2890,"date":"2009-06-13T07:40:46","date_gmt":"2009-06-13T04:40:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ced.org.tr\/?p=2890"},"modified":"2014-05-21T01:36:55","modified_gmt":"2014-05-20T22:36:55","slug":"ticaretin-kuresel-dili-ve-its","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.ced.org.tr\/?p=2890","title":{"rendered":"Ticaretin K\u00fcresel Dili ve \u0130TS"},"content":{"rendered":"

1970\u2019 li y\u0131llardan ba\u015flayarak sermayenin serbest dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131, mal hizmetlerin dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131nda \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131 ve takibine ili\u015fkin d\u00fczenlemeler, fikri m\u00fclkiyet haklar\u0131, veri koruma vb uygulamalar ad\u0131m ad\u0131m g\u00fcndemimizde yer etmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. Bunlar k\u00fcreselle\u015fen kapitalist sistem ile birlikte\u00a0ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan geli\u015fmelerdi. Bir di\u011fer \u00f6nemli d\u00fczenleme ise konumuz olan \u0130la\u00e7 Takip Sistemi (\u0130TS)\u2019 dir.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

D\u00fcnya \u00f6l\u00e7e\u011finde mal ve hizmetlerin serbest dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ba\u015f d\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc bir h\u0131zla devam ederken, <\/span>sistem i\u00e7inde u\u00e7 vermeye ba\u015flayan sahte \u00fcr\u00fcn ka\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta sermaye \u00e7evrelerinin dikkatinden ka\u00e7t\u0131. Ancak zamanla bu \u201ctehlikeli\u201d geli\u015fmenin fark\u0131na var\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131. Sermayenin artan kayg\u0131lar\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131nda ortak bir standart olu\u015fturulmas\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fck \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 Avrupa\u2019dan ba\u015flayarak t\u00fcm d\u00fcnyan\u0131n g\u00fcndemine ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

1974 y\u0131l\u0131nda Avrupa\u2019da 12 \u00fclkeden \u00fcreticilerin ve da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m kanal\u0131 temsilcilerinden olu\u015fan bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma grubu kuruldu. 3 y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n sonucunda Avrupa Mal Numaralama \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc (EAN) kuruldu. EAN k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcrede uluslar aras\u0131 bir \u00f6rg\u00fcte d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc ve EAN International ad\u0131n\u0131 ald\u0131. Bu geli\u015fmelere paralel olarak T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de de 1988 y\u0131l\u0131nda T\u00fcrkiye Odalar ve Borsalar Birli\u011fi (TOBB) b\u00fcnyesinde \u201cMilli Mal Numaraland\u0131rma Merkezi\u201d kuruldu.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u00fcreselle\u015fen sistem, sahte \u00fcr\u00fcn dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 da k\u00fcreselle\u015ftirdi. Bu sorun, \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131nda ortak standartlar olu\u015fturularak a\u015f\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131ld\u0131 ancak, bu yaln\u0131z ba\u015f\u0131na sorunu \u00e7\u00f6zmeye yetmedi. 2000\u2019li y\u0131llardan ba\u015flanarak, \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin tedarik ve sevk zinciri s\u00fcrecinde izlenmesi g\u00fcndeme geldi, yeni projeler devreye sokuldu. 2005 y\u0131l\u0131nda uluslar aras\u0131 bir \u00f6rg\u00fcte d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fen EAN\u2019\u0131n yerini \u201cGS1\u201d ald\u0131. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Nedir GS1?\u00a0 <\/span>\u201cLanguage of Business\u201d yani T\u00fcrk\u00e7e anlam\u0131yla \u2018ticaretin k\u00fcresel dili\u2019. GS1, 103 \u00fclkeyi temsilen 101 \u00fcyesi olan uluslar aras\u0131 bir organizasyon… Buna paralel bir geli\u015fme de T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ya\u015fand\u0131. TOBB b\u00fcnyesinde kurulan Milli Numaraland\u0131rma Merkezi\u2019nin ad\u0131 GS1 T\u00fcrkiye olarak de\u011fi\u015fti.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

GS1 den \u0130TS\u2019 ye\u2026<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Kapitalist sistem i\u00e7inde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan sahte \u00fcr\u00fcn dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131, ila\u00e7 alan\u0131nda da g\u00f6r\u00fclmeye ba\u015fland\u0131. Sonu\u00e7ta ila\u00e7ta kapitalist sistemin mant\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7inde ticari bir meta olarak \u00fcretiliyordu. \u0130la\u00e7 tekellerini rahats\u0131z eden sahte ila\u00e7 dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131, ilac\u0131n tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131n\u0131, tedarik zinciri s\u00fcrecinde, takip ve kontrol\u00fcne ili\u015fkin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 da g\u00fcndeme getirdi. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n bir sonucu olarak da \u0130la\u00e7 Takip Sistemi yani \u0130TS ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019ne g\u00f6re d\u00fcnyadaki sahte ila\u00e7 ka\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 % 6 civar\u0131nda. Sahte ilac\u0131n yayg\u0131n oldu\u011fu \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda Nijerya, \u00c7in ve Hindistan g\u00f6steriliyor. Bu arada, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin sahte ila\u00e7 dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n neresinde durdu\u011funa dair kayda de\u011fer bir veri yok ama \u0130TS\u2019 nin merkezinde ve denek bir \u00fclke konumunda. Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, sahte ila\u00e7 ka\u00e7a\u011f\u0131na ili\u015fkin elindeki verileri kamuoyu ile payla\u015fmal\u0131 ve T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u0130TS konusunda denek \u00fclke olarak se\u00e7ilmesinin nedenlerini a\u00e7\u0131klamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00dcr\u00fcnlerin tedarik s\u00fcrecinde izlenmesi nas\u0131l ticari kayg\u0131larla ba\u015flad\u0131ysa, \u0130la\u00e7 Takip Sistemi de benzeri kayg\u0131lar \u00fczerinden \u00fcretildi, insani ve toplumsal de\u011ferler ise g\u00f6z ard\u0131 edildi. GS1\u2019den \u0130TS\u2019 ye uzanan s\u00fcre\u00e7 17 A\u011fustos 2007 tarihinde ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu tarihte Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0130la\u00e7 ve Eczac\u0131l\u0131k Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan organize edilen geni\u015f kat\u0131l\u0131ml\u0131 bir toplant\u0131da \u201cGS1 Barkod Sistemi\u201d tan\u0131t\u0131larak sistemin kabul g\u00f6rmesinin \u00f6n\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu toplant\u0131da,\u00a0 <\/span>ila\u00e7 sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnden temsilciler ve \u00f6rg\u00fctleri, da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m kanallar\u0131, bili\u015fim ve yaz\u0131l\u0131m firmalar\u0131 ve eczac\u0131lar\u0131 temsilen TEB vard\u0131. Bu toplant\u0131y\u0131 takiben Londra\u2019da yap\u0131lan GS1 toplant\u0131s\u0131na \u0130TS\u2019 nin mimar\u0131 oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenen \u0130la\u00e7 ve Eczac\u0131l\u0131k Genel M\u00fcd\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Dan\u0131\u015fman\u0131 Say\u0131n \u0130brahim Nay\u0131r ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bir heyet kat\u0131ld\u0131. Ocak 2008\u2019de bu kez, GS1\u2019den 3 ki\u015filik bir heyet T\u00fcrkiye\u2019yi ziyaret etti ve Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yetkilileri ile g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc. \u0130\u015fte, \u0130la\u00e7 Takip Sistemi bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fme trafi\u011finin sonucunda kabul edildi.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Uygulaman\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 tarihi 1 Ocak 2009 olarak ilan edildi ancak, evdeki hesap \u00e7ar\u015f\u0131ya uymad\u0131 ve ertelenmek zorunda kal\u0131nd\u0131. Bug\u00fcn gelinen noktada, \u00fcreticiler i\u00e7in 1 Temmuz 2009, eczaneler i\u00e7in 1 Ocak 2010 tarihi sisteme ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u00fcrecinin ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131 olarak ilan edilmi\u015f durumdad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130TS, yaln\u0131zca bir ila\u00e7 takip sistemi de\u011fildir. Sistemde ciddi bir bilgi kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n toplanaca\u011f\u0131 biliniyor. Veri taban\u0131nda olu\u015facak bilgilerin kimler taraf\u0131ndan nas\u0131l ve hangi amaca y\u00f6nelik olarak kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ortaya konmal\u0131d\u0131r. Avrupa\u2019da, bu bilgi kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6netimine ili\u015fkin, \u00e7ok uluslu ila\u00e7 tekelleri ile sa\u011fl\u0131k otoriteleri aras\u0131nda i\u00e7ten i\u00e7e bir m\u00fccadele ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131 biliniyor. Ayr\u0131ca, paralel ticaretin engellenmesiyle \u0130TS aras\u0131nda bir ili\u015fkiden s\u00f6z ediliyor. T\u00fcm bunlar bize g\u00f6steriyor ki \u0130TS\u2019 nin ila\u00e7 takibinden \u00f6te i\u015flevi var. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Sahte ilac\u0131n takibi elbette ki \u00f6nemlidir ancak, ticari kayg\u0131lardan ar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131larak, insani ve toplumsal ama\u00e7lara hizmet eden bir yap\u0131lanma ile bu takip anlaml\u0131 olur. T\u0131bbi \u00dcr\u00fcn Sahtecili\u011fine Kar\u015f\u0131 \u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Grubu( IMPACT) benzeri \u00f6rg\u00fctlenmeler konuya \u00f6rnek g\u00f6sterilebilir. IMPACT,\u00a0 <\/span>i\u00e7inde D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn yan\u0131 s\u0131ra sa\u011fl\u0131k meslek \u00f6rg\u00fctlerini ve sivil toplum \u00f6rg\u00fctlerini bar\u0131nd\u0131ran bir yap\u0131lanma modeli.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130la\u00e7 Takip sistemi i\u00e7inde ise ne sa\u011fl\u0131k meslek \u00f6rg\u00fctleri ne de sivil toplum kurulu\u015flar\u0131 yer al\u0131yor. Sa\u011fl\u0131k otoritesi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda sistemi toplum sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ad\u0131na denetleyecek hi\u00e7bir mekanizma yok. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de \u0130la\u00e7 ve T\u0131bbi Cihaz Kurumu Yasa Tasar\u0131s\u0131 g\u00fcndemdedir. Bu tasar\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011finde, Sa\u011fl\u0131k Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ila\u00e7 \u00fczerindeki t\u00fcm otoritesini kaybedecek, yetki ve sorumluluk, hi\u00e7bir toplumsal sorumlulu\u011fu olmayan bu kuruma devredilecektir.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu kurumun ekonomik kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc ba\u011f\u0131\u015flardan olu\u015fuyor. Ba\u011f\u0131\u015flar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131n da ila\u00e7 sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnden kar\u015f\u0131lanaca\u011f\u0131 s\u0131r de\u011fil. Sonu\u00e7ta, \u0130TS bu yap\u0131daki bir kurum taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6netiliyor olacak!<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7 olarak, amac\u0131na ve i\u015fleyi\u015fine d\u00f6n\u00fck, pek \u00e7ok soru ve kayg\u0131n\u0131n yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131, uygulay\u0131c\u0131lar aras\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce birli\u011finin olu\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir sistem bu haliyle uygulanamaz. Bu sistem sahte ila\u00e7 dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131 sorununu \u00e7\u00f6zemedi\u011fi gibi yeni sorunlar \u00fcretir. <\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Amac\u0131 ger\u00e7ekten sahte ilac\u0131 takibi olan bir sistemin toplumsal bir projeye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesinin \u00f6n ko\u015fulu, \u00e7ok uluslu ila\u00e7 tekellerinin \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131 yada benzeri \u00e7\u0131karlar \u00fczerine de\u011fil insani ve toplumsal de\u011ferler \u00fczerine oturmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bu amaca d\u00f6n\u00fck olarak sistem yeniden ele al\u0131nmal\u0131, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin \u00f6zg\u00fcn ko\u015fullar\u0131 da dikkate al\u0131narak, sa\u011fl\u0131k meslek \u00f6rg\u00fctleri ve sivil toplum kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n da i\u00e7inde yer ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 yeni bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma grubu olu\u015fturularak, 3-4 y\u0131la yay\u0131lan kademeli bir ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u00fcreci ile sistem yeniden yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

1970\u2019 li y\u0131llardan ba\u015flayarak sermayenin serbest dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131, mal hizmetlerin dola\u015f\u0131m\u0131nda \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131 ve takibine ili\u015fkin d\u00fczenlemeler, fikri m\u00fclkiyet haklar\u0131,...<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[51],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2890","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-ecz-rafet-sahin"],"aioseo_notices":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.ced.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2890","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.ced.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.ced.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.ced.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/17"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.ced.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2890"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.ced.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2890\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3976,"href":"http:\/\/www.ced.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2890\/revisions\/3976"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.ced.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2890"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.ced.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2890"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.ced.org.tr\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2890"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}